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                                                                             1
         1               SUPERIOR COURT OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA
                               FOR THE COUNTY OF LOS ANGELES
         2         DEPARTMENT NO. WEQ        HON. HIROSHI FUJISAKI, JUDGE

         3
                   SHARON RUFO, ET AL., N/A,                )
         4                                                  )
                                               PLAINTIFFS,  )
         5                                                  )
                             VS.                            )NO. SC031947
         6                                                  )
                   ORENTHAL JAMES SIMPSON, ET AL.,          )
         7                                                  )
                                               DEFENDANTS.  )
         8         _________________________________________)

         9

        10

        11
                                REPORTER'S DAILY TRANSCRIPT
        12
                                      JANUARY 6, 1997
        13
                                          VOLUME 37
        14

        15

        16

        17

        18

        19

        20

        21

        22

        23

        24
                                REGINA D. CHAVEZ, CSR #8446
        25                           OFFICIAL REPORTER

        26

        27

        28
 
                                                                             2
         1         APPEARANCES:

         2
                   FOR THE PLAINTIFFS: DANIEL M. PETROCELLI ESQ.,
         3                             THOMAS LAMBERT, ESQ.,
                                       PETER GELBLUM, ESQ., and
         4                             EDWARD MEDVENE, ESQ.
                                       Firm:  MITCHELL SILBERBERG & KNUPP
         5                                    11377 West Olympic Blvd.
                                              Los Angeles, CA 90064-1663
         6                             For: Plaintiff Goldman

         7

         8                             JOHN QUINLAN KELLY, ESQ.
                                              330 Madison Ave.
         9                                    New York, NY 10017-5090.
                                       For: Plaintiff the Estate of
        10                                  Nicole Brown Simpson

        11

        12                             MICHAEL A. BREWER, ESQ.
                                       Firm:  HORNBERGER & CRISWELL
        13                                    444 South Flower St.
                                              Los Angeles, CA 90071.
        14                             For:  Plaintiff Rufo

        15

        16                            PAUL F. CALLAN, ESQ.
                                      Firm:  CALLAN, REGENSTREICH,
        17                                    KOSTER & BRADY
                                              One Whitehall St.
        18                                    New York, NY 10004
                                      For:  Plaintiff Estate of.
        19                                  Ronald L.  Goldman

        20

        21         FOR THE DEFENDANTS: ROBERT C. BAKER, ESQ.,
                                       MELISSA BLUESTEIN, ESQ., and
        22                             PHILIP BAKER, ESQ.
                                       Firm: BAKER, SILBERBERG & KEENER
        23                                   2650 Ocean Park Blvd., #300
                                             Santa Monica, CA 90405-2936.
        24
                                                     -and-
        25
                                       DANIEL LEONARD, ESQ. and
        26                             ROBERT D.  BLASIER, ESQ.
                                       Firm:  BAILEY, FISHMAN & LEONARD.
        27                                    6355 Riverside Blvd.
                                              Suite 2-F
        28                                    Sacramento, CA 95831
 
                                                                             3
         1                        CHRONOLOGICAL INDEX OF WITNESSES
                   DEFENDANTS' WITNESSES:                           PAGE
         2
                   GRODEN, ROBERT
         3                CROSS (G)                                    10
                          REDIRECT (L)                                 60
         4                RECROSS (G)                                  81

         5         ROKAHR, ROLF
                          (Reading of Deposition)                      93
         6

         7         ASTON, RICHARD
                          DIRECT(B)                                   139
         8                DIRECT (B)                                  152
                          CROSS (M)                                   188
         9                REDIRECT (B)                                192

        10         MARLOW, OTIS
                          DIRECT (PB)                                 197
        11                CROSS (G)                                   217

        12         TIPPIN, PAUL S.
                          DIRECT (L)                                  219
        13                CROSS (G)                                   240
                          REDIRECT (L)                                246
        14
                   FERRARA, RACHEL
        15                DIRECT(PB) Reading of selected portion      249
                          of testimony transcript
        16                CROSS(P) Reading of selected portion        261
                          of deposition transcript
        17                REDIRECT(PB) Reading of selected portion    272
                          of deposition transcript
        18
                   Legend:  (B) = Mr. Robert B. Baker
        19                 (BL) = Mr. Blasier
                           (BR) = Mr. Brewer
        20                  (C) = Mr. Callan
                            (G) = Mr. Gelblum
        21                  (K) = Mr. Kelly
                            (L) = Mr. Leonard
        22                  (M) = Mr. Medvene
                           (MB) = Ms. Bluestein
        23                  (P) = Mr. Petrocelli
                           (PB) = Mr. Philip Baker
        24                 (TL) = Mr. Lambert

        25

        26

        27

        28
 
                                                                             4
         1                   INDEX OF EXHIBITS MARKED FOR I.D.

         2
                   PLAINTIFFS'
         3            NO.                  DESCRIPTION               PAGE

         4          2295        Group photo                            51

         5          2296        Enlargement of bottom half of          52
                                Exhibit 2295
         6
                    2297        Photograph of Mr. Simpson with a       52
         7                      white-haired gentleman in a blue
                                jacket with a camera in his hand
         8
                    2298        Enlargement of bottom half of          53
         9                      Exhibit2297

        10          2299        Photograph of Mr. Simpson with a       53
                                gentleman wearing a blue shirt,
        11                      blue pants and a dark blue jacket
                                and brown shoes
        12
                    2300        Enlargement of bottom half of          54
        13                      Exhibit2299

        14          2301        Photograph of Mr. Simpson with a       54
                                gentleman wearing a brown plaid
        15                      jacket and tan slacks

        16          2302        Enlargment of bottom half of           55
                                Exhibit 2301
        17
                    2303        Contact sheet containing 27 images     55
        18                      ofMr. Simpson

        19          2304        Contact sheet containing 30            56
                                photographs of Mr. Simpson
        20

        21          2305        Globe publication                      91

        22          2306        Document entitled Los Angeles         188
                                Police Department Vehicle
        23                      Investigation Report

        24

        25

        26

        27

        28
 
                                                                             5
         1         DEFENDANTS'
                      NO.                DESCRIPTION               PAGE
         2
                    1832        Photograph of defendant              89
         3
                    2072        Photograph                           89
         4
                    1801        Statement of Officer Aston          153
         5
                    1187        Copy of impound report              183
         6
                    2307        Photograph of Mr. Marlow in         209
         7                      closet

         8          2308        Handwritten chronological log       222

         9

        10

        11

        12

        13

        14

        15

        16

        17

        18

        19

        20

        21

        22

        23

        24

        25

        26

        27

        28
 
                                                                             6
         1                      INDEX OF EXHIBITS RECEIVED IN EVIDENCE_

         2         PLAINTIFFS'
                      NO.                DESCRIPTION                PAGE
         3
                    2291                                               90
         4
                    2305                                               91
         5
                    2306                                              196
         6

         7
                   DEFENDANTS'
         8            NO.                DESCRIPTION                PAGE

         9          1921                                              89

        10          1924                                              89

        11          1930                                              89

        12          2282                                              90

        13          2282                                              92

        14          2284                                              90

        15          2286                                              90

        16          2295                                              90

        17          2304                                              90

        18          1832                                              92

        19          1833                                              92

        20          1835                                              92

        21          2053                                             138

        22

        23

        24

        25

        26

        27

        28
 
                                                                             1
         1         SANTA MONICA, CALIFORNIA; MONDAY, JANUARY 6, 1997

         2                            8:30 A.M.

         3         DEPARTMENT NO. WEQ    HON. HIROSHI FUJISAKI, JUDGE

         4         APPEARANCES:

         5                      (PER COVER PAGE.)

         6                      (REGINA D. CHAVEZ, OFFICIAL REPORTER)

         7

         8                             (The following proceedings were

         9                             held in open court outside the

        10                             presence of the jury.)

        11                THE COURT:  Good morning.

        12                MR. PETROCELLI:  Good morning.

        13                MR. GELBLUM:  Good morning.

        14                MR. KELLY:  Morning, Your Honor.

        15                THE COURT:  Okay.  Somebody wanted to do

        16         something out of the presence of the jury.

        17                MR. LEONARD:  Yes, Your Honor, we have two

        18         matters.

        19                      First of all, I'd like to bring -- I

        20         don't have a written motion, but I will file one by

        21         the close of business today.  We'd like to bring to

        22         the Court's attention that the attacks on Robert

        23         Groden that commenced in the courtroom were continued

        24         by an agent of the plaintiff outside the courtroom by

        25         way of a news conference that was broadcast on a local

        26         television station, and also by an appearance or at

        27         least a videotape on a national television program on

        28         MSNBC; that person's name is David Lifton.  He
 
                                                                             2
         1         represented himself to be a photographic consultant

         2         for the plaintiffs.  He's in the courtroom today,

         3         sitting in the second row, back there, the gentleman

         4         with glasses on the right-hand side there.

         5                      We'd ask that the plaintiffs be

         6         sanctioned, that Mr. Lifton be excluded from the

         7         courtroom, and additional sanction be levied against

         8         the plaintiffs; and that would be that we bring before

         9         the jury that the plaintiffs have violated the gag

        10         order in particular by attempting to attack Mr. Groden

        11         through this agent of theirs.  He made very derogatory

        12         remarks about Mr. Groden.

        13                      We have taken -- we had a full-blown

        14         hearing on this.  We have the tape-recordings we can

        15         present to Your Honor.

        16                MR. GELBLUM:  Morning, Your Honor.

        17                      Mr. Groden is not an agent of the

        18         plaintiffs, he's --

        19                MR. PETROCELLI:  Not Mr. Groden.

        20                MR. GELBLUM:  Mr. Lifton is not employed, is

        21         not the Mr. Lifton, is not a photographic agent, not a

        22         consultant to the plaintiff's, he's a member of the

        23         public who has known Mr. Groden for over 20 years and

        24         has provided us with information regarding

        25         Mr. Groden's background, and that is it.  He's not our

        26         agent, he's not under our control, never paid him a

        27         dime.  We don't intend to pay him a dime he's somebody

        28         just like, I'm sure defendants have a person, who
 
                                                                             3
         1         provides us with information.  He's not an agent, not

         2         under our control.

         3                MR. LEONARD:  I would like to put point out

         4         that during the examination and cross-examination of

         5         Mr. Groden, I saw Mr. Gelblum and Mr. Petrocelli

         6         consulting with Mr. Lifton, that Mr. Lifton came into

         7         the building this morning with the plaintiffs party,

         8         he's sitting in the plaintiffs' seats, it was accepted

         9         on national television that he was a consultant, a

        10         photographic consultant for the plaintiffs.

        11                      It seems to me that if this gag order is

        12         to have any teeth in it or have any affect, that they

        13         can't use a shill like Lifton to make their point to

        14         the press, and in the press and national television

        15         that's exactly what's going on, so I think that --

        16         that Mr. Lifton should be removed from the courtroom

        17         at a minimum.

        18                MR. GELBLUM:  He's not a shill, he's not under

        19         our control.  I can't tell him what to say or not to

        20         say.  I didn't tell him what to say or not to say.  I

        21         didn't know what he was going to say or not say.  I

        22         didn't know he was going to go on the television.

        23                THE COURT:  Has he conferred?

        24                MR. GELBLUM:  He has provided us information

        25         about Mr. Groden's historical background, yes, Your

        26         Honor.

        27                      He's not consulted with us.  He's not a

        28         photographic consultant.
 
                                                                             4
         1                THE COURT:  What's his name?

         2                MR. LEONARD:  David Lifton.

         3                THE COURT:  Okay, sir, you're excluded.  Step

         4         out.

         5                MR. LEONARD:  Thank you, Your Honor.

         6                MR. LEONARD:  The other matter is a -- we filed

         7         by way of a written motion, and I'm not sure

         8         whether -- whether it's ripe at this point because we

         9         have gotten no indication whatsoever in written form

        10         or even orally that the plaintiffs intend to utilize

        11         these newly emerged photographs.

        12                      I think if you -- if you had an

        13         opportunity to read the motion, I think it speaks for

        14         itself.  It's a total -- it's a 23 and a half hour

        15         situation.  We obviously are going to -- if these

        16         photographs come into this case at all, we are going

        17         to vigorously fight their -- their admission, we are

        18         going to attack their authenticity naturally, and we

        19         would need -- we would need time to do discovery on

        20         this.  We need to go back and do the deposition of

        21         the -- of the photographer who purported to take the

        22         photographs.

        23                      Interestingly enough, the middle-man or

        24         the agent who's either attempting to or has already

        25         sold the photographs to a tabloid is the same one who

        26         sold the Scull photograph that we're dealing with

        27         here.  We want to take his deposition.  We want to

        28         take the deposition of whoever was involved in the
 
                                                                             5
         1         discovery of this photograph including Mr. Kelly and

         2         Mr. O'Connor, another attorney who was involved in

         3         this effort with Mr. Kelly.

         4                      We think it's highly suspicious that the

         5         photograph has emerged at this time, particularly in

         6         view of the fact that there was -- there was an

         7         investigation done, there were attempts at the

         8         beginning of the criminal case to locate photographs

         9         of Mr. Simpson, particularly among photographers at

        10         football games.

        11                      So we would vigorously object to any

        12         mention of this photograph at this juncture -- at any

        13         point in this trial.

        14                      I can tell you one thing, that if -- if

        15         they attempt to get this in, we're going to ask for at

        16         least a two-week recess in order to investigate and to

        17         do the appropriate discovery we need to do to prove

        18         that this photograph is either irrelevant or faked.

        19         So that's one thing that we'd be looking for.

        20                      And I think in the interest of fairness

        21         and in the interest of judicial efficiency and under

        22         the laws of the State of California, particularly the

        23         discovery statutes, this photograph has no business

        24         being in this case at this point.  We haven't even

        25         seen it yet, by the way.

        26                MR. PETROCELLI:  Your Honor, there's absolutely

        27         no basis for this position at all.

        28                      Mr. Simpson took that stand, under oath,
 
                                                                             6
         1         and said he was not wearing the shoes in that

         2         photograph, he said the photograph was a fake.

         3                      Mr. Baker told the jury the same thing.

         4                      They put this would-be expert on the

         5         stand to say that this photo is a fake.  This is about

         6         as pure impeachment as you can find, Your Honor.

         7                      You want to get on the stand and tell

         8         those kind of -- make those kind of representations,

         9         you have to suffer the risk that you may get caught

        10         red-handed.  That is what has happened.

        11                      These photos emerged this weekend.  I

        12         just got them on Saturday, Your Honor.  They were just

        13         handed --

        14                MR. LEONARD:  You haven't --

        15                THE COURT:  Excuse me.  He didn't interrupt you

        16         when you were talking, Mr. Leonard.

        17                MR. PETROCELLI:  I just got them this weekend.

        18                      There are photos, eight or nine of them,

        19         contact sheets, and everything from the same game,

        20         Your Honor, the September 26, 1993, game, taken by a

        21         completely different photographer unrelated to -- to

        22         Mr. Scull.

        23                      In addition, one of the photographs

        24         appeared in a Buffalo Bills newsletter of sorts, that

        25         was printed and circulated to the public.  Mr. Simpson

        26         and his defense lawyers obviously had full access to

        27         this.

        28                      This is classical impeachment material,
 
                                                                             7
         1         Your Honor, and they don't have any right to advance

         2         disclosure of it, even if we had obtained it in

         3         advance, which we did not.

         4                      We fully intend to confront the witnesses

         5         with the photographs that directly destroy the

         6         representations they made to this jury, Your Honor.

         7                THE COURT:  Well, I order you to make them

         8         available to the defense.

         9                MR. PETROCELLI:  Give them copies, Steve.

        10                MR. LEONARD:  Your Honor.

        11                THE COURT:  Yes.

        12                MR. LEONARD:  We have had no opportunity to

        13         look at these photographs to determine whether they're

        14         authentic.  There's no chain of custody that's been

        15         developed on these.  I think it's highly improper for

        16         them to be put in at this point.

        17                      Your Honor, we've had no opportunity to

        18         look at them.  It would seem after the first time --

        19         is it -- are you going to permit them to confront this

        20         witness with these photographs when they haven't been

        21         able to establish any kind of a chain with them, where

        22         they were taken, how they were taken, whether they're

        23         authentic at all?  I think that's highly unfair to us

        24         at this point, Your Honor, and I would object.

        25                MR. PETROCELLI:  First of all, we will right

        26         now make copies of everything available to you.

        27                      Secondly, you have indicated a number of

        28         times to the Court how you were going to tie things up
 
                                                                             8
         1         later on.

         2                      We can authenticate these pictures

         3         through the defendant himself, no less, Your Honor,

         4         when we question him about the photographs and to

         5         allay any possible concern, I have produced a sworn

         6         affidavit of the photographer who has indicated that,

         7         if necessary, he will come to testify in this court

         8         and authenticate the photographs.

         9                THE COURT:  Okay.

        10                MR. LEONARD:  File it.

        11                MR. LEONARD:  Your Honor, we would like a

        12         hearing.

        13                THE COURT:  File it.

        14                MR. LEONARD:  This is something, again, I

        15         haven't seen, Your Honor.

        16                MR. PETROCELLI:  This is my only copy.

        17

        18                             (Mr. Petrocelli hands document to

        19                             clerk.)

        20

        21                MR. LEONARD:  It's a total sandbag.

        22                THE COURT:  That's usually what impeachment

        23         amounts to, counsel.

        24

        25                             (Court reviews document.)

        26

        27                THE COURT:  When is this witness going to be

        28         available?
 
                                                                             9
         1                MR. PETROCELLI:  We can make him available on

         2         24-hour's notice.  We were planning to call him in our

         3         rebuttal case.  I'm told the defense is resting

         4         probably by the end of this week or early next week,

         5         and he will probably be our first witness.

         6                THE COURT:  Okay.  Serve a copy on the defense.

         7                MR. PETROCELLI:  Thank you.

         8                MR. LEONARD:  We'd like an opportunity to

         9         depose this witness.

        10                THE COURT:  You can do whatever you can to

        11         assist you in your case.  This is rebuttal evidence.

        12                THE COURT:  Okay.  Is there anything else?

        13                      What about the declarations that also

        14         were filed with respect to Ferrara and Siglar.

        15                MR. PETROCELLI:  It seems like this fellow

        16         can't serve many people, Your Honor, but the bottom

        17         line is I don't have any objection to Ms. Ferrara

        18         being read in by her criminal trial testimony.  We'll

        19         read in our portions.

        20                THE COURT:  There's no objection, then I will

        21         allow it.

        22                MR. PETROCELLI:  And --

        23                THE COURT:  It appears that the declaration

        24         with regards to Siglar is sufficient on its face.

        25                MR. PETROCELLI:  As to the one regarding

        26         Mr. Siglar, I haven't yet seen the designations.  Once

        27         I see the designations, I'd be happy to confer about

        28         our position on that.
 
                                                                            10
         1                THE COURT:  Bring the jury in.  Who are we

         2         starting with?

         3                MR. GELBLUM:  Mr. Groden.

         4                THE COURT:  Okay.

         5                MR. GELBLUM:  He still resumes the stand.

         6

         7                             (Jurors resume their respective

         8                             seats.)

         9

        10                THE COURT:  Morning, ladies and gentlemen.

        11                JUROR:  Morning, Your Honor.

        12                THE CLERK:  You are still under oath.

        13                      Would you please state your name again

        14         for the record.

        15                THE WITNESS:  Robert -- Robert Groden.

        16                THE CLERK:  Thank you.

        17                THE COURT:  You may proceed.

        18

        19                           CROSS-EXAMINATION

        20         BY MR. GELBLUM: (continued)

        21                Q.    Good morning, ladies and gentlemen.

        22                      Morning, Mr. Groden.

        23                A.    Morning.

        24                Q.    Because it's been quite a while since

        25         We've been here, I thought we'd start by summarizing

        26         where we were, about the point you were making about

        27         the photograph in question.

        28                      Try to write on the easel here.
 
                                                                            11
         1                      The first problem that we discussed --

         2         the first issue we discussed on the cross-examination

         3         was the blue lining that you saw on the picture of

         4         Mr. Simpson wearing Bruno Magli shoes, between the

         5         image and the sprocket holes, correct?

         6                A.    I believe that was the first one.

         7                Q.    The blue line?

         8                A.    Yeah.

         9                Q.    I'm just going to write blue line up

        10         here.

        11                MR. LEONARD:  Your Honor, I'm going to object

        12         to going through the cross-examination again.  This

        13         has been asked and answered.

        14                MR. GELBLUM:  Very quickly.

        15                THE COURT:  Overruled.

        16                      Go ahead.

        17                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  And you acknowledged,

        18         at one point, that that could be a scratch, correct?

        19                A.    Yes, I believe so.

        20                Q.    Okay.

        21                      And we also looked at some of the other

        22         photographs, and again we saw blue lines between the

        23         image and the sprocket holes, but you said those were

        24         different than the ones on this picture; is that

        25         right?

        26                A.    That's correct.

        27                Q.    Okay.

        28                      The next -- next point we talked about
 
                                                                            12
         1         was the alignment of the -- of the photographs,

         2         correct, the alignment of the frames?

         3                A.    Yes.

         4                MR. GELBLUM:  Steve, could you put up 1832,

         5         please, on the monitor.

         6

         7                             (Exhibit 1832 displayed.)

         8

         9                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  And your point was that

        10         No. 1 and No. 2, No. 1 being the picture of

        11         Mr. Simpson with the Bruno Magli shoes, were not

        12         aligned, right?

        13                A.    1 and 2 were not aligned.

        14                Q.    You're saying that those are the only

        15         adjoining frames on the contact sheet that were not

        16         aligned?

        17                A.    That's correct.

        18                Q.    We looked at some others and you

        19         disagreed about -- with -- about them being

        20         misaligned?

        21                A.    Yes, that's correct.

        22                Q.    Did you look at other contact sheets,

        23         too, to see if there were any out of alignment?

        24                A.    Yes.

        25                Q.    You found none of those were out of

        26         alignment either?

        27                A.    That's correct.

        28                Q.    On this point, I think you did agree with
 
                                                                            13
         1         me that there is some?

         2                MR. LEONARD:  Your Honor, I'm going to object.

         3         He's now back on this point of asking specific

         4         questions.  This has all been asked and answered.

         5                MR. GELBLUM:  This is going to take less than

         6         five minutes to bring it up to speed.  There are

         7         points to be made later that have to do with the

         8         totality of his evidence.  I have to get it in before

         9         the jury.  It's fair.

        10                THE COURT:  Ask it in the form of a question,

        11         not in the form of an argument.

        12                MR. GELBLUM:  That's fine, Your Honor.

        13                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  Do you recall that we

        14         discussed that there is some play in the back of a

        15         camera that allows the film to move through?

        16                A.    You made that representation.

        17                Q.    And you agree with me that there is

        18         normally some play?

        19                A.    I don't believe that I agreed with that.

        20         I said that -- that it would vary from camera to

        21         camera.

        22                Q.    Right.

        23                      And -- but you -- in any event, you said

        24         that that play that varies from camera to camera would

        25         not account for the misalignment, in your opinion?

        26                A.    Not by this amount, no.

        27                Q.    And then the next point we discussed was

        28         the -- the issue of the length.
 
                                                                            14
         1                      Your opinion is that the photograph of

         2         Mr. Simpson wearing the Bruno Magli shoes is longer

         3         than the other frames, correct?

         4                A.    That's correct.

         5                Q.    And I want to make sure, did you compare

         6         it only to the one next to it or did you compare it to

         7         every other frame on the contact sheet?

         8                A.    Well, to be fair, since the first two are

         9         disconnected from all the others, the only one we can

        10         rely on as being together are the first two, I would

        11         think that to be fair in the argument we can only

        12         compare the first two.

        13                Q.    Is that all you compared?

        14                A.    No, I compared the rest as well.

        15                Q.    And your testimony was that this frame of

        16         Mr. Simpson is longer than all the other frames?

        17                A.    Yes.

        18                Q.    And we talked about that at your

        19         deposition, and you had said that you had enlarged the

        20         contact sheet eight times, to make it eight times

        21         bigger, and at that measurement, at this size, you

        22         measured it, the measurement was approximately a

        23         quarter of a millimeter longer, right?

        24                A.    As I pointed out, that was a rough

        25         approximation, it wasn't accurate.

        26                Q.    I think you said it was an arbitrary

        27         figure?

        28                A.    Yes.  The way it was actually stated was
 
                                                                            15
         1         it wasn't a quarter of a millimeter, a quarter of a

         2         millimeter, give or take.

         3                Q.    Anyway that was an arbitrary figure?

         4                A.    Yes.

         5                Q.    And you made that eight times enlargement

         6         on a photocopying machine, not a photographic

         7         enlarger, is that right?

         8                A.    That's correct.

         9                Q.    And you believe that the photocopy image

        10         is an absolutely 100 percent accurate, precise

        11         reproduction of the size of what it's coping?

        12                A.    My opinion is that a photocopying machine

        13         does not give the option for -- for photographic

        14         manipulation.  It's just a straight scan copy, rather

        15         than a photographic copy.

        16                Q.    But do you believe that the copy does not

        17         distort or stretch the image in any way whatsoever,

        18         the photocopy?

        19                A.    It's my opinion that it probably doesn't.

        20                      I have no personal knowledge whether it

        21         does or doesn't.  I'm not a photocopying machine

        22         expert.

        23                Q.    So if the photocopy does distort or

        24         stretch the image, the image would not necessarily be

        25         valid?

        26                MR. LEONARD:  Objection, lack of foundation.

        27                THE COURT:  Sustained.

        28
 
                                                                            16
         1                             (Court reviews real time screen.)

         2

         3                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  You don't know whether

         4         it's an accurate reproduction?

         5                MR. LEONARD:  Objection, lack of foundation,

         6         called for speculation.

         7                THE COURT:  Overruled.  This man works on copy

         8         machines.

         9                MR. LEONARD:  No, I don't think that's

        10         represented.

        11                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  Is it true you don't

        12         know whether the photocopy accurately and precisely

        13         reproduces the size of the image?

        14                A.    I have no way of knowing whether any

        15         particular machine might be different than another.

        16                Q.    Where did you have your copies made, the

        17         eight times enlargements?

        18                A.    I have them made in Dallas at -- I

        19         believe it was either Kinko's or something of that

        20         nature.

        21                Q.    Okay.

        22                      The next point we discussed was the point

        23         about the edge.

        24                MR. GELBLUM:  Steve, can you put up -- do you

        25         have the slides?

        26                      I think it's 2282, exhibit slide No. 3.

        27                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  All right.

        28                      And we discussed -- you said that there
 
                                                                            17
         1         was an extra edge down here at the bottom, is that

         2         right, that has some parallel lines in it?

         3                A.    Yes, there is a horizontal and several

         4         vertical lines.

         5                Q.    And your opinion was that there was no

         6         natural process in photography that could possibly

         7         account for that?

         8                A.    That's correct.  There's no photographic

         9         reason I can find for that.

        10                Q.    You agreed though, that frame zero which

        11         comes just before the frame we're looking at here

        12         could, in theory, as the photographer's loading the

        13         camera and clicking the film through, be underexposed

        14         through the length of the camera and produce

        15         underexposed images, correct?

        16                A.    In theory.

        17                Q.    Right.

        18                      And I asked you whether those parallel

        19         lines can be an underexposed image of the lines in the

        20         football field that we see in other frames, and you

        21         said there's no way in the world?

        22                A.    No.

        23                MR. LEONARD:  Objection.  He's going back

        24         through cross-examination.  He's going point by point.

        25                THE COURT:  I'm about to sustain that objection

        26                MR. GELBLUM:  I'm about done.

        27                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  The last point that we

        28         went through last time was something about the left
 
                                                                            18
         1         leg.

         2                MR. GELBLUM:  You can take this off, Steve

         3                      Steve, do you have the exhibit number for

         4         these enlargements.

         5                MR. FOSTER:  Yes, 2287.

         6

         7                            (Exhibit 2287 displayed.)

         8

         9                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  Putting up 2287, this

        10         was the enlargement of Mr. Simpson wearing the Bruno

        11         Magli shoes.

        12                      You said that there is a retouching mark,

        13         what you perceive to be a retouching mark on the left

        14         leg right above a fold in the pants, right?

        15                A.    Near a fold in the pants, yes.

        16                Q.    Okay.

        17                      Now, another point that you mentioned

        18         with Mr. Leonard was a problem with the right leg as

        19         well.

        20                MR. GELBLUM:  Can everyone see this?

        21                      You said --

        22                      Do you have the slide for that one?

        23                      I apologize.  It's No. 7.  2282 and

        24         No. 7.

        25                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  You said that you

        26         observed some kind of linear tonal change across the

        27         leg; is that right?

        28                A.    That's correct, with retouching marks
 
                                                                            19
         1         attached to it.

         2                Q.    Now, you remember at your deposition, we

         3         went through -- you gave me a list of the observations

         4         you had made at that time that you said led you to the

         5         conclusion that the photograph is probably a fake,

         6         remember that?

         7                A.    Yes.

         8                Q.    And you didn't mention this, did you?

         9                A.    I had interpreted that as being wind

        10         effect, that's the way I had spoken about at the

        11         deposition.

        12                Q.    You didn't mention a linear tonal change

        13         across the right leg at all at your deposition, did

        14         you?

        15                A.    Not with that -- not with that

        16         phraseology, no.

        17                Q.    Well, you didn't.

        18                MR. GELBLUM:  Put up 2291, please.

        19

        20                             (Exhibit 2291 displayed.)

        21

        22                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  This was the list of

        23         your observations that you gave me at the deposition,

        24         that you said were all the observations you made

        25         regarding the photograph being a fake, right?

        26                A.    Yes.

        27                Q.    I'll hand you a copy of it so you can see

        28         it better.
 
                                                                            20
         1                      There's nothing at all on there about a

         2         linear tonal change in the right leg, is there?

         3                A.    It's not on this, but we did discuss it.

         4                Q.    We didn't discuss linear tonal change in

         5         the right leg, did we, sir?

         6                A.    Three -- we discussed three differences

         7         in the two lengths that appear to be different

         8         responses to wind; one being affected, the other one

         9         not.  That was the same issue I was talking about.

        10                Q.    There's nothing on the piece of paper you

        11         gave me at your deposition that you said was the

        12         complete list of your observations about anything

        13         about wind difference; is there, sir?

        14                A.    No, there's nothing on that.

        15                Q.    Okay.

        16                      When did you come up with that one, sir?

        17                MR. LEONARD:  Objection.  Argumentative, Your

        18         Honor.

        19                THE COURT:  Overruled.

        20                A.    We had discussed it at the deposition and

        21         I had told you at that time it was a complete list.

        22                      Before we left we had more issues than

        23         are on that list.  You know that.

        24                Q.    I know you did not discuss that.

        25                      Your lawyer can point it out in his

        26         examination.

        27                MR. LEONARD:  I object to this argument in

        28         front of the jury.
 
                                                                            21
         1                THE COURT:  Sustained.

         2                MR. GELBLUM:  You can take that down, Steve.

         3                      Put up 1832 again, please.

         4                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  Another point you made

         5         with Mr. Leonard on direct examination was about the

         6         tint of the photograph of Mr. Simpson wearing the

         7         Bruno Magli shoes.

         8                      Do you recall that?

         9                A.    Yes.

        10                Q.    You said that all the other frames have a

        11         slightly blue or blue to green tint, and this frame

        12         alone has a pinkish tint or magenta tint, right?

        13                A.    That's correct.

        14                Q.    Okay.

        15                MR. GELBLUM:  Is that the whole sheet, Steve?

        16

        17                             (Elmo adjusted.)

        18

        19                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  Did you know,

        20         Mr. Groden, that of all the other frames on the

        21         contact sheet, other than this one, there's a green

        22         field evident, and in this one Mr. Simpson is walking

        23         on a red and white end zone?

        24                A.    Of course, yes.

        25                Q.    Did you notice that?

        26                      Okay.

        27                      But you don't think that could account

        28         for the different tint?
 
                                                                            22
         1                A.    No.

         2                Q.    There are different kinds of reflections

         3         that photographers deal with, right?

         4                A.    Yes.

         5                Q.    There something called spectral

         6         reflection.  You heard of spectral reflection?

         7                A.    Yes.

         8                Q.    Spectral reflection is what happens when

         9         light hits a shiny surface and bounces off something

        10         like a mirror, it comes right in and goes out, right,

        11         out the same angle?

        12                A.    Doesn't necessarily have to be the same

        13         angle.

        14                Q.    It's a pretty clean reflection?

        15                A.    Yes.

        16                Q.    And diffused reflection, on the other

        17         hand, is when light hits on a non-shiny surface like a

        18         football field, and light diffuses out in all

        19         directions, correct?

        20                A.    Theoretically.

        21                Q.    Okay.

        22                      Now, I think -- as an example of this

        23         difference in tint, other than this green and red you

        24         pointed to --

        25                MR. GELBLUM:  You can take that down, Steve.

        26         Mr. Simpson's shirt, again, I'm putting up 2287.

        27                MR. FOSTER:  Yeah.

        28                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  And we'll put it here,
 
                                                                            23
         1         if you don't mind, and I'll show it to you first, and

         2         then show it to the jury.  The light's not good here.

         3                      You said that the pinkish tint was so

         4         pronounced you thought Mr. Simpson was wearing a pink

         5         shirt in this picture?

         6                A.    I said I had to find out whether it was

         7         pink or not because it does appear so pink, especially

         8         in the shadow areas.

         9                Q.    You said you thought he was wearing a

        10         pink shirt rather than a white?

        11                A.    I said I had to find out -- it appears to

        12         me that, possibly, he was wearing a pink shirt.

        13                Q.    In this picture?

        14                A.    Yes.

        15                Q.    I'll show this to the jury.

        16                      Your eyes tell you that that is a pink

        17         shirt?

        18                A.    Can I see it again?

        19

        20                             (Witness reviews photograph.)

        21

        22               A.    Yeah.  Look in the shadow areas, you can

        23         definitely see that.  See. (Indicating.)

        24                Q.    I'm not talking about shadows.  I'm

        25         talking about a pink shirt.

        26                      You said it was a pink shirt, right?

        27                MR. LEONARD:  Objection, argumentative.

        28                THE COURT:  Overruled.
 
                                                                            24
         1                A.    The shirt itself in the photograph.

         2                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  Mr. Groden, you said

         3         you thought it was a pink shirt, right?

         4                MR. LEONARD:  Objection, that's asked and

         5         answered.

         6                THE COURT:  Overruled.

         7                A.    That's not what I said.

         8                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  All right.

         9                      Turn to your testimony on December 18,

        10         direct examination, page 190, trial testimony, lines

        11         20 to 24, this is on your examination by Mr. Leonard.

        12                MR. LEONARD:  What page?

        13                MR. GELBLUM:  Page 190.

        14                MR. LEONARD:  Okay.

        15                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  The two prints in

        16         question show a reflective value.  Frame 1-1 shows a

        17         magenta and pinkish tint to a point of where just

        18         inspected this photograph, I thought it was a pink

        19         shirt instead of a white shirt.

        20                A.    I stand corrected.  What I meant was --

        21                Q.    Thank you.

        22                A.    I had to find out whether it was.

        23                Q.    I didn't ask you what you meant.  I just

        24         asked you what you said.

        25                      Are you saying that shirt in that picture

        26         is a fake?

        27                A.    No, of course not.

        28                Q.    You know Mr. Simpson sat where you sat
 
                                                                            25
         1         and admitted it was his shirt, don't you?

         2         end oj01061a

         3         BEGIN SECTION OJ0106-2.TRF

         4                A.    I have no way of knowing that.

         5                Q.    You didn't know that?

         6                A.    No.  I don't doubt that it's his shirt.

         7                Q.    Now, another point you made with

         8         Mr. Leonard had to do with the right shoe.

         9                MR. GELBLUM:  Can you put up the slides, Steve,

        10         that show the reflection on the bottom of the shoe.

        11                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  You said that the red

        12         reflection on the sole of the right shoe should be

        13         white, correct?

        14                A.    From my analysis of it, it appears that

        15         it should be white, that's correct.

        16                Q.    That's based entirely on your perception

        17         that his foot is over the white area, correct?

        18                A.    No.

        19                Q.    All right.

        20                A.    No, it's based on the angle of the bottom

        21         of the shoe as well.

        22                Q.    It's your opinion, based on your

        23         perception, that the shoe is over the white area on

        24         the field, correct?

        25                A.    I didn't say that.  I just said -- I just

        26         said it's not true.

        27                Q.    Look at your -- look at your trial

        28         testimony.
 
                                                                            26
         1                MR. GELBLUM:  Page 185, Mr. Leonard, lines 20

         2         to 23.  I can read the whole sentence if you want.

         3                      Got it?  December 18, page 185.

         4                MR. LEONARD:  Okay.

         5                MR. GELBLUM:  Okay.

         6                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  (Reading:).

         7                              The bottom of the shoe on the

         8                       right foot appears to be reflecting

         9                       light, indicating a sole pattern based

        10                       on the positioning of that shoe over the

        11                       line.  It's my opinion that should be

        12                       reflecting white instead of red.

        13                      Is that what you said?

        14                A.    The position of the shoe, yes.

        15                Q.    You weren't saying it's over the -- onto

        16         the white?

        17                A.    No, I said the positioning of the -- of

        18         the shoe over the line, the shoe is over the line.

        19                Q.    So you're saying the shoe is over the

        20         line.  Okay.

        21                A.    It's above the line.

        22                Q.    Where is the tip of the shoe in your

        23         perception, sir?

        24                A.    In this particular case it's very

        25         difficult to tell because you don't have a side view.

        26         However, the angle of the bottom of the shoe would

        27         reflect off the white rather than the red.

        28                Q.    Well, Mr. Groden, the red reflection goes
 
                                                                            27
         1         all the way back down here, doesn't it?

         2                      This is your slide, sir.

         3                A.    Yeah.

         4                Q.    The reflection goes --

         5                A.    It could be lightened up to show it

         6         better.

         7                Q.    There you go.

         8

         9                            (Elmo readjusted.)

        10

        11                Q.    The red reflection goes how far back?

        12                A.    The red reflection goes on the outside

        13         extending beyond the edge of the shoe back to the

        14         bottom back into the shadowy area.

        15                Q.    Almost to the heel?

        16                A.    Yes.

        17                Q.    You're saying that that entire shoe is --

        18         entire part of the shoe is over the line?

        19                A.    No, the -- no, the entire part we're

        20         talking about the reflection of the edge here.

        21                Q.    You're mathematics tells you that shoe

        22         and that position should be reflecting white?

        23                A.    It's my opinion it should be, yes.

        24                Q.    Now, the lens that was used by Mr. Scull

        25         was a long lens, right?

        26                A.    Yes.

        27                Q.    One of those long lenses that you see

        28         photographers use at football games?
 
                                                                            28
         1                A.    Yes.

         2                Q.    500 millimeter lens.

         3                      And that kind of lens when you use it

         4         compresses space, right?

         5                A.    Yes, it's called foreshortening.

         6                Q.    Right.

         7                      The distance between objects seems much

         8         smaller than they actually are?

         9                A.    Depending on the distance from the

        10         camera, yes.

        11                Q.    Is it your testimony, sir, that if --

        12         even if that foot is entirely over the red, it should

        13         still be reflecting white?

        14                A.    Based on the angle, I believe it should

        15         be reflecting white.

        16                Q.    Okay.

        17                      And what do you mean by based on the

        18         angle?

        19                A.    Well, we're not talking about a ricochet

        20         effect where we're going this way and bouncing off to

        21         the far end.  We're talking about a reflective

        22         situation that you see through a mirror, the mirror

        23         bounces off at a specific angle, as with the bottom of

        24         the shoe, if in fact there is any legitimate

        25         reflection at all.

        26                Q.    Do you think there should be some

        27         reflection?

        28                A.    On the bottom of a shoe of that color, I
 
                                                                            29
         1         would doubt it.  I certainly doubt that it would,

         2         though, the way it does in this photograph.

         3                Q.    Okay.

         4                      I just want to be clear what you're

         5         saying.

         6                      Now, you agree, sir, the shadow of the

         7         shoe in that picture is entirely in the red, right?

         8                A.    The shadow that -- which we see a shadow

         9         is, yes, but the shadow is much shorter than the

        10         actual shoe.  And considering the lighting, I think

        11         that if it were a direct single point of light, it

        12         would extend farther and into the light.

        13                Q.    Whatever shadow there is is entirely on

        14         the red, there's no shadow on the white?

        15                A.    Right.

        16                MR. GELBLUM:  Steve, would you put up the next

        17         slide, the next one for him, but on the left shoe,

        18         showing the red extending beyond the sole.

        19                MR. FOSTER:  Number 6.

        20                MR. GELBLUM:  This is 2282, number --

        21                MR. FOSTER:  6.

        22                MR. GELBLUM:  Thank you.

        23                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  And so you also have a

        24         problem with the left shoe, right?

        25                A.    That's correct.

        26                Q.    Correct.

        27                      And your problem here is that --

        28                MR. GELBLUM:  That's not -- that's not the
 
                                                                            30
         1         right one.  Sorry.  Number 9.  Number 9.

         2                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  The problem here is you

         3         say that the red extends beyond both the right sole

         4         and the left heel?

         5                A.    That's correct.

         6                Q.    And that could just be a printing issue,

         7         couldn't it, sir?

         8                A.    Can you restate that.

         9                Q.    Yeah.

        10                      You're aware that colors can be changed

        11         very easily in a printing process, right?

        12                A.    Yes.

        13                Q.    You can make this whole photo green if

        14         you wanted to?

        15                A.    Sure.

        16                Q.    Okay.

        17                      And if there's too much red in the

        18         printing, that could cause this kind of effect,

        19         couldn't it?

        20                A.    No, I wouldn't think so, not based on the

        21         rest of the photograph.

        22                Q.    And diffused reflection that we discussed

        23         before could also cause this effect, right?

        24                A.    But it doesn't anywhere else on the

        25         shoes.

        26                Q.    But it could cause it on the shoes --

        27         well, the shoes are closest to the reflective surface?

        28                A.    If you got the reflective surface itself
 
                                                                            31
         1         which has no such effect --

         2                Q.    Sir, try to answer my question.

         3                A.    I think I just did.

         4                Q.    No, I don't think you did.

         5                MR. LEONARD:  Your Honor, I object to Mr.

         6         Gelblum --

         7                MR. GELBLUM:  I object to the witness not

         8         answering the questions.

         9                THE COURT:  Okay.

        10                      Answer the question.

        11                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  The shoes are closest

        12         to the reflective surface, right?

        13                A.    Yes.

        14                Q.    And couldn't the red that you see be a

        15         result of the reflection from the surrounding

        16         surfaces?

        17                MR. LEONARD:  Objection, asked and answered.

        18                THE COURT:  Overruled.

        19                A.    I think not.

        20                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  You don't think it's

        21         possible?

        22                A.    I don't think that's what we're seeing.

        23         It extends beyond the physical surface itself.

        24                Q.    Okay.

        25                      Would you agree that the general lighting

        26         in this photograph is from the back -- roughly from

        27         the back?

        28                MR. GELBLUM:  I'll put up the whole photograph.
 
                                                                            32
         1         You can take that down.

         2

         3                            (Mr. Foster complies.)

         4

         5                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  The light seems to be

         6         coming from his right and behind a little bit?

         7                A.    No, I can't agree with that at all.

         8                Q.    Okay.

         9                      In any event, sir, are you aware that the

        10         kind of red aura that you claim to see in that picture

        11         is something that happens with back-lit objects?

        12                A.    Under certain lighting and atmospheric

        13         circumstances, I guess it could.

        14                Q.    Okay.

        15                A.    Why only one picture?  Why not all the

        16         rest?

        17                Q.    We've already discussed, sir, that this

        18         is the only picture on the whole roll where somebody

        19         is walking and on a red surface, haven't we?

        20                A.    No, I don't believe we have.

        21                Q.    You do have memory problems?

        22                MR. LEONARD:  Objection, argumentative.

        23                THE COURT:  Overruled.  He testified to that at

        24         the last session he was a witness at.

        25                A.    Yes, I have problems with memory.

        26                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  Quite severe sometimes,

        27         right?

        28                A.    It happens.
 
                                                                            33
         1                Q.    Let me go on to the next point.

         2                      You said something about you had a

         3         problem with the exposure, right, exposure between

         4         various photographs?

         5                A.    That's correct.

         6                Q.    Now, exposure in a photograph depends on,

         7         oh, a whole host of factors, right?

         8                A.    Yes.

         9                Q.    The size of the opening of the shutter

        10         when it's open is one factor?

        11                A.    Um-hum.

        12                Q.    Right?

        13                A.    Yes.

        14                Q.    And amount of time the shutter is open?

        15                A.    When you say shutter, you mean aperture?

        16                Q.    Aperture.

        17                A.    Okay.

        18                Q.    The time that the shutter is open?

        19                A.    That's correct.

        20                Q.    The film speed?

        21                A.    Yes.

        22                Q.    The amount of light at the moment the

        23         photo is clicked?

        24                A.    That's correct.

        25                Q.    All sorts of things?

        26                A.    Um-hum.

        27                Q.    Now, you've taken lots of pictures in

        28         your life, right?
 
                                                                            34
         1                A.    Yes.

         2                Q.    And you've had pictures where some of the

         3         pictures on the roll are exposed properly and some are

         4         not exposed properly?

         5                A.    That's correct.

         6                Q.    You've even had situations where you got

         7         a good exposure followed by bad exposure followed by

         8         good exposure, right?

         9                A.    Depending on the camera, yes.

        10                Q.    Now, what you said about this on direct

        11         examination -- I'm going to read it.  I want to make

        12         sure we get it exactly right.

        13                MR. GELBLUM:  It's page 194, Mr. Leonard, from

        14         December 18.

        15                MR. LEONARD:  Your Honor, I object unless there

        16         can be a foundation laid with this inconsistent

        17         statement.

        18                THE COURT:  Overruled.

        19                MR. GELBLUM:  Are you there?

        20                MR. LEONARD:  194?

        21                MR. GELBLUM:  Yes, lines 3 to 11.

        22                MR. LEONARD:  Of the trial testimony?

        23                MR. GELBLUM:  Yes.  It says, "The ones near

        24         Mr. Simpson" -- I'm sorry, could you put up 1832

        25         again.

        26                MR. FOSTER:  The same?

        27                MR. GELBLUM:  1832, the contact sheet, yes.

        28
 
                                                                            35
         1                            (Exhibit 1832 is displayed.)

         2

         3                MR. GELBLUM:  Thank you.

         4                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  (Reading:).

         5                              The ones near Mr. Simpson are

         6                       extremely overexposed and they're the

         7                       only ones that are overexposed,

         8                       indicating that perhaps someone had

         9                       tried, at some point, to balance frames

        10                       of him to the mean roll and perhaps did

        11                       not bother to make any kind of a

        12                       correction around the ones close to him.

        13                              It's conjecture, but there is a

        14                       problem with that because the exposures

        15                       are so dead on for all the rest.

        16                      Do you recall that testimony?

        17                A.    Pretty much, yes.

        18                Q.    And the one from Mr. Simpson is dead on,

        19         too, right?

        20                A.    Can -- can we focus that and top light

        21         it.

        22                            (Elmo is adjusted.)

        23

        24                Q.    Okay.

        25                      Mr. Groden, the exposure from Mr. Simpson

        26         is dead on as well?  That was the point of your

        27         testimony?

        28                A.    Yes.
 
                                                                            36
         1                Q.    Okay.

         2                      Now, sir, isn't it true that, unless

         3         you're looking for conspiracies everywhere you go in

         4         life, to the extent there's any problem with the

         5         exposures in this, the problem is that the two that

         6         are overexposed -- are overexposed, that's the only

         7         problem, isn't it?

         8                MR. LEONARD:  Your Honor, I object.  That's

         9         argumentative.

        10                THE COURT:  Overruled.

        11                A.    Can you repeat the question.

        12                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  Yeah.

        13                      The only problem with the exposures on

        14         this contact sheet is that these two, numbers 2 and 3,

        15         are overexposed, that's the only problem, right?  The

        16         other exposures, including the one of Mr. Simpson, are

        17         perfectly exposed, right?

        18                A.    Yes, they're all normal except those two.

        19                Q.    Now, when Mr. Simpson was -- I'm sorry --

        20         Mr. Leonard was examining you, you added another point

        21         that you didn't make at your deposition having to do

        22         with moisture.

        23                      Do you recall that?

        24                A.    In response to a question?

        25                Q.    Yes, from Mr. Leonard.

        26                A.    I believe, if I remember correctly, I was

        27         asked whether I noticed any moisture on the shoe or on

        28         the field, and I answered as I recall.
 
                                                                            37
         1                Q.    No, no, you answered more than that.  You

         2         answered you would have expected to see some moisture

         3         on the side or sole of the shoe or even some splashing

         4         where the heel hit the ground.

         5                      Do you recall that?

         6                A.    Based on the representation that it had

         7         been raining that morning, yes.

         8                Q.    Yeah.

         9                      Who made that representation to you?

        10                A.    I don't recall.

        11                Q.    Well, did you talk to any defense lawyer

        12         besides Mr. Leonard?

        13                A.    I've spoken with several of them.

        14                Q.    Which one told you it was raining that

        15         morning, sir?

        16                A.    I don't recall.  As I remember, it was --

        17         I was told it -- or it was in the deposition somewhere

        18         along the line.

        19                Q.    Well, I'll tell you it wasn't in the

        20         deposition.

        21                      Okay.

        22                      Who told you?

        23                A.    I don't recall.

        24                Q.    When did they tell you?

        25                A.    I don't recall that either.

        26                Q.    After the deposition, right?

        27                A.    Again, I don't recall.

        28                MR. GELBLUM:  Want to put up 2291 again,
 
                                                                            38
         1         please.

         2

         3                            (Exhibit 2291 is displayed.)

         4

         5                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  You didn't mention this

         6         point at the deposition, did you?

         7                A.    Wasn't a major point for me.

         8                Q.    Well, please answer -- listen to my

         9         question and the answers will go much faster.

        10                      You didn't mention it in the deposition,

        11         did you?

        12                A.    The answer is no.

        13                Q.    Yet you said in court, on that stand that

        14         it was one of the first things you looked for when you

        15         went to Buffalo, right?

        16                      Do you recall that?

        17                A.    I don't recall saying that, no.

        18                Q.    You went to Buffalo before the

        19         deposition, didn't you?

        20                A.    That's correct.

        21                Q.    You never mentioned this at the

        22         deposition, did you?

        23                A.    About moisture?

        24                Q.    Yeah.

        25                A.    No.

        26                Q.    In fact, Mr. Leonard is the one who told

        27         you to mention it on the stand?

        28                A.    I don't know.
 
                                                                            39
         1                Q.    That's a point he told you to make?

         2                A.    I was asked during the testimony if I saw

         3         any moisture.  I said no.

         4                Q.    You were prepared for that, sir, weren't

         5         you?  You didn't hear that for the first time on the

         6         stand?

         7                A.    I told you I heard that it had been wet

         8         on the field.

         9                Q.    Mr. Leonard, before you testified, told

        10         you to make a point of saying that there was no

        11         evidence of moisture, right?

        12                A.    That's correct.

        13                MR. LEONARD:  Argumentative, asked and

        14         answered.

        15                THE COURT:  The answer may remain.

        16                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  This is a whole kind of

        17         different point.  Your other points have to do with

        18         photographic anomalies?

        19                A.    That's correct.

        20                Q.    This isn't a photographic anomaly, is it?

        21                A.    No.

        22                Q.    You don't expect to see moisture if the

        23         field was in fact wet?

        24                A.    That's correct.

        25                Q.    You have no personal information

        26         whatsoever about the field was wet at the time that

        27         picture was taken, do you?

        28                A.    No.
 
                                                                            40
         1                Q.    You weren't there, right?

         2                A.    Of course not.

         3                Q.    You never physically observed, visually

         4         observed anything yourself -- anything yourself to

         5         show you that the field was wet, have you?

         6                A.    No.

         7                Q.    You looked at the whole contact sheet,

         8         right?

         9                A.    That's correct.

        10                Q.    Nobody else's shoes are wet, are they?

        11                A.    No.

        12                Q.    Nobody else splashing around there?

        13                A.    No.

        14                Q.    So why would you expect to see Mr.

        15         Simpson's shoes wet?

        16                MR. LEONARD:  Your Honor, I object.  This is

        17         argumentative.

        18                THE COURT:  Overruled.

        19                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  So why would you expect

        20         Mr. Simpson's shoes to be wet, sir?

        21                A.    I heard that it had been raining, I don't

        22         remember from where, but I would have expected that if

        23         it had been raining, his shoes would have been wet.

        24         It's not --

        25                Q.    Sir, when you looked at other contact

        26         sheets, nobody else's shoes are wet, are they?

        27                A.    No.

        28                MR. LEONARD:  Your Honor, I object,
 
                                                                            41
         1         argumentative, asked and answered.

         2                THE COURT:  You've gone through that twice.

         3                MR. GELBLUM:  Okay.

         4                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  Did you talk to a

         5         single person that was at the game?

         6                A.    No.

         7                Q.    You talk to Mr. Simpson?

         8                A.    No.

         9                Q.    So obviously, if the field was not wet,

        10         you wouldn't expect to see moisture, would you?

        11                A.    No.

        12                Q.    Now, I want to try and figure out exactly

        13         what you're saying about this picture, sir.

        14                      By the way, have I listed all the points

        15         you made about the picture that make you think that

        16         it's probably a fake?

        17                A.    All the points that we discussed, yes, I

        18         believe so.

        19                Q.    I want you to tell the jury what you

        20         think was faked on this picture.

        21                      Are you telling the jury, sir -- I'll

        22         withdraw that question.

        23                      Are you telling the jury that somebody

        24         went in and put new shoes on a picture of Mr. Simpson?

        25                A.    That's a possibility, yes.

        26                Q.    Is that what you're telling the jury?

        27                A.    I'm saying it's a possibility, yes.

        28                Q.    Are you saying that's what happened?
 
                                                                            42
         1                A.    I'm saying it's a possibility.

         2                Q.    Are you saying somebody put new pants on

         3         Mr. Simpson?

         4                A.    Partial.  It is possible.  Partial.  I

         5         don't think that somebody put a whole new set of

         6         pants.

         7                Q.    You are aware Mr. Simpson admitted, when

         8         he was sitting in the same chair you're sitting in,

         9         the top part of the picture is, in fact, a picture of

        10         him, his head, his upper torso, his hands, his tie,

        11         his shirt, his jacket?

        12                A.    I was not present for his testimony.

        13                Q.    Assume that's true.

        14                A.    If you want me to assume it --

        15                Q.    Assuming that's true, what you're saying

        16         is that you think there's a possibility that somebody

        17         went in and took an existing picture of Mr. Simpson at

        18         that game, on that field, and put new pants and new

        19         shoes on his body?

        20                      Is that what you're saying?

        21                A.    That's a possibility.

        22                Q.    A one percent possibility?

        23                A.    I'd say a very large possibility.  I

        24         can't -- I can't quantify that.

        25                Q.    What?  What quantity?

        26                A.    I can't.  I just told you.

        27                Q.    More than 50?

        28                A.    I'd say much more than 50.
 
                                                                            43
         1                Q.    More than 60?

         2                A.    Yes.

         3                Q.    More than 65?

         4                A.    You're playing games, aren't you?

         5                      I'm sorry --

         6                Q.    Mr. Groden, you're up here in a very

         7         important trial.

         8                THE COURT:  Just a minute.  You don't need

         9         that.

        10                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  Mr. Groden, more than

        11         65 percent?

        12                A.    Yes.

        13                Q.    More than 70 percent?

        14                A.    Yes.

        15                Q.    More than 75 percent?

        16                A.    Yes.

        17                Q.    More than 80 percent?

        18                A.    Would you give me the question one more

        19         time, exactly as you phrased it.

        20                Q.    If somebody went and took a picture of

        21         Mr. Simpson --

        22                A.    Um-hum.

        23                Q.    -- that had been taken on September 26,

        24         1993, in that location, the end zone of Rich Stadium

        25         in Buffalo, and put on new pants and new shoes.

        26                A.    I'm saying it's an extremely high

        27         possibility.  I would say, to stop this, I would say

        28         greater than a 90 percent probability either the pants
 
                                                                            44
         1         and/or the shoes were -- or the shoes alone were

         2         changed.  If indeed that was a legitimate picture of

         3         Mr. Simpson in the first place.

         4                Q.    Well, let's -- we'll find out what your

         5         opinion is.

         6                      Was it a legitimate picture of

         7         Mr. Simpson in the first place?

         8                      Bear in mind, sir, Mr. Simpson has

         9         admitted that the top part of the picture is in fact a

        10         picture of him wearing those clothes at that game.

        11                A.    I have no way of knowing whether there

        12         was a legitimate picture like this prior to this or

        13         not.

        14                Q.    What do you mean?

        15                A.    If this picture is a composite, as I

        16         believe it to be, the whole thing could have been

        17         manufactured.  I don't know that -- there could have

        18         been a whole separate picture of Mr. Simpson that I'm

        19         not even aware of.  I don't know.

        20                Q.    Taken where, on Mars?

        21                MR. LEONARD:  Your Honor, I object.

        22                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  Taken where?

        23                THE COURT:  Overruled.

        24                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  Taken where?

        25                A.    I don't know.

        26                Q.    Mr. Simpson -- we have a videotape that

        27         we showed of Mr. Simpson at the game.

        28                      Would you like to see it?
 
                                                                            45
         1                A.    I don't care.

         2                Q.    At the game -- did you see the videotape?

         3                A.    Yes.

         4                Q.    You've seen the videotape.

         5                      He's wearing the same tie and the same

         6         shirt and the same jacket and the same pants.

         7                      Have you seen that videotape?

         8                A.    Yes.  The tonal values of the tie are

         9         different, but I would probably say it's probably the

        10         same outfit.

        11                Q.    Well, Mr. Simpson said it's the same, so

        12         he ought to know.

        13                A.    I don't doubt it.

        14                Q.    Okay.

        15                      Given all that, you still think that this

        16         was not a picture taken at this game on this day?

        17                A.    I have no way of knowing.  I didn't take

        18         the picture.  You want me to assume that I know for a

        19         fact that it was taken that day, I don't know that.

        20                Q.    You're being passed off to this jury as a

        21         photo expert.  We're entitled to your opinion about

        22         what's going on with this picture.

        23                MR. LEONARD:  Your Honor, I object.  This

        24         witness was qualified by you as an expert in a

        25         hearing.  I object to passed off.  I think it's

        26         argumentative; it also misstates the state of the

        27         record.

        28                THE COURT:  The record is that I am not
 
                                                                            46
         1         vouching for this or any other expert put on by

         2         anybody, and I don't think that's an appropriate

         3         comment for you to leave with the jury.  I'm not

         4         vouching for any expert, whether it's the plaintiff

         5         expert or defense expert.

         6                MR. LEONARD:  Your Honor, I object to this

         7         remark, passed off.  I object to that.

         8                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  Mr. Groden, in your

         9         expert --

        10                MR. LEONARD:  Your Honor, I'd like a ruling.

        11                THE COURT:  Overruled.

        12                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  In your expert opinion,

        13         sir, was this a photograph taken of Mr. Simpson at

        14         this football game on this day in this end zone and

        15         somebody went back and put new shoes and pants on him?

        16                A.    And/or pants, yes.  It's my opinion --

        17                Q.    And --

        18                A.    It's my opinion that it could very well

        19         have been a legitimate photograph initially; in other

        20         words, there may have been a photograph of him that

        21         has in some way been altered.

        22                Q.    And in some way -- is it greater than 90

        23         percent chance that the way it was altered -- that new

        24         pants and new shoes were put on him?

        25                A.    New pants and/or --

        26                Q.    Well --

        27                A.    -- certainly --

        28                Q.    Is there --
 
                                                                            47
         1                A.    I would say certainly shoes, yes, or --

         2         or if, in fact, they're the shoes, have not been

         3         changed, that they have been altered in some way.

         4                Q.    It's a very important point, sir.  I want

         5         to be specific.

         6                      Are you saying there's a greater than 90

         7         percent chance that somebody put new shoes on this

         8         picture of Mr. Simpson?

         9                A.    Based on my analysis of the photograph, I

        10         would say yes.

        11                Q.    And what were the original shoes?

        12                A.    I have no idea.

        13                Q.    But they weren't these, right, wouldn't

        14         make any sense to replace the same shoes, right?

        15                A.    No.

        16                Q.    And one of the points you made and

        17         missed, but I will, that this is the first frame on

        18         the roll, remember mentioning that with Mr. Leonard?

        19                A.    Um-hum.  Yes.

        20                Q.    And you found that significant 'cause

        21         that's the easiest to alter, right?

        22                A.    Yes.

        23                Q.    So by pointing out that this is the first

        24         frame on the roll, sir, are you trying to tell this

        25         jury that what happened was, on September 26, 1993,

        26         Mr. Scull took a photograph of Mr. Simpson, making

        27         sure it was head to toe, making sure it was the first

        28         one on the roll, the prime position for alteration,
 
                                                                            48
         1         'cause he knew that nine months later somebody would

         2         kill Mr. Simpson's former wife and Ronald Lyle Goldman

         3         and leave bloody shoe prints in Mr. Simpson's size 12

         4         in an extraordinarily rare shoe type to this, so that

         5         Mr. Scull would have a picture that was in prime

         6         position to go in and put those Bruno Magli shoes on

         7         Mr. Simpson?

         8                      Is that what you're saying?

         9                A.    Of course not.

        10                MR. LEONARD:  Your Honor, I object.

        11                THE COURT:  Sustained.

        12                MR. GELBLUM:  Excuse me one minute, Your Honor.

        13

        14                            (Pause.)

        15

        16                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  Now, when we were here

        17         last time, you talked a little bit in the course of

        18         reading the deposition excerpt that one of the things

        19         you had done recently in looking at whether a

        20         photograph was altered or not in another situation was

        21         you saw a picture of a road sign in Dealey Plaza where

        22         Mr. Kennedy was shot purported to show a bullet hole

        23         in it?

        24                A.    That's correct.

        25                Q.    One of the reasons you were suspicious

        26         about that, you had seen other photographs of that

        27         road sign taken on that day and had never seen a

        28         bullet hole before?
 
                                                                            49
         1                A.    I don't know that they testified to that,

         2         but it is accurate, yes.

         3                Q.    So one thing that you do when you're

         4         determining authenticity of a photograph is to see

         5         whether you can find other photographs of the same

         6         object, the same scene, the same day, to see whether

         7         what you're looking at is in those photographs as

         8         well?

         9                A.    That would be part of it, yes.

        10                Q.    So if there were other photographs of

        11         Mr. Simpson taken on this same day, at this same game,

        12         in this same stadium, and he's wearing the same

        13         outfit, and they're taken by a different photographer,

        14         with a different camera, and he's wearing the same

        15         pants and same shoes, that would affect your opinion,

        16         wouldn't it, sir?

        17                MR. LEONARD:  Your Honor, I'm going to object.

        18         There's a lack of foundation basis.  Same basis for

        19         the objection I made prior as well.

        20                MR. GELBLUM:  We'll tie it up.

        21                THE COURT:  Based on the affidavit or

        22         declaration filed on this -- in support of plaintiffs'

        23         position, motion overruled.

        24                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  Can you answer the

        25         question, please.

        26                A.    Will you finish -- will you repeat the

        27         question or finish it.

        28                Q.    Sir, if there were other photographs of
 
                                                                            50
         1         Mr. Simpson taken on the same day, September 26, 1993,

         2         in the same stadium, same football game, different

         3         camera, different photographer, and Mr. Simpson has

         4         the same clothes on, same jacket, same tie, same

         5         shirt, same belt, same pants, same shoes, wouldn't

         6         that compel you to conclude that your testimony that

         7         these shoes have been put on is wrong?

         8                MR. LEONARD:  Same objection.

         9                A.    No.

        10                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  It wouldn't?

        11                A.    It would not change what I found in the

        12         photograph.

        13                Q.    You've answered the question.

        14                A.    I did.

        15                Q.    Let me show you some photographs, sir.

        16                MR. LEONARD:  Your Honor, this is outside the

        17         scope.  Also, based on the previous answer, these are

        18         irrelevant at this point.

        19                THE COURT:  Overruled.

        20                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  See a photograph here

        21         of Mr. Simpson with five other gentlemen standing on a

        22         football field?

        23                A.    Yes.

        24                Q.    Okay.

        25                      And here's an enlargement of the bottom

        26         half of that photograph.

        27                      Do you see that?

        28                      Do you see the shoes Mr. Simpson is
 
                                                                            51
         1         wearing?

         2                A.    Yes.

         3                Q.    Okay.

         4                      Show you some more.

         5                MR. GELBLUM:  Your Honor, these are our only

         6         prints.  If I may, I'd like to pass them around to the

         7         jury once Mr. Groden has looked at them.

         8                THE COURT:  If you want to.

         9                      Mark them.

        10                MR. GELBLUM:  I'll mark the first one, the

        11         group photo --

        12                MR. FOSTER:  2295.

        13                MR. GELBLUM:  2295.

        14

        15                             (The instrument herein described

        16                             as a group photo was marked for

        17                             identification as Plaintiffs'

        18                             Exhibit No. 2295.)

        19

        20                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  Does 2295 change your

        21         opinion, sir?

        22                A.    About what I found?

        23                Q.    About whether -- about your opinion that

        24         somebody added shoes to Mr. Scull's photograph.

        25                A.    Doesn't change my opinion at all.

        26                Q.    Okay.

        27                MR. GELBLUM:  Mark the next one, which is an

        28         enlargement of the bottom half of 2295.  That's 2296.
 
                                                                            52
         1                             (The instrument herein described

         2                             as an enlargement of bottom half

         3                             of Exhibit 2295 was marked for

         4                             identification as Plaintiffs'

         5                             Exhibit No. 2296.)

         6

         7                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  I ask you if that one

         8         changes your opinion, sir?

         9                A.    Does not.

        10                Q.    Okay.

        11                MR. GELBLUM:  Mark next in order a photograph

        12         of Mr. Simpson signing an autograph for the

        13         white-haired gentleman with the blue jacket with a

        14         camera in his hand.  It's 2297.  That shows

        15         Mr. Simpson's shoes.

        16                             (The instrument herein described

        17                             as a photograph of Mr. Simpson

        18                             with a white-haired gentleman in a

        19                             blue jacket with a camera in his

        20                             hand was marked for identification

        21                             as Plaintiffs' Exhibit No. 2297.)

        22

        23                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  I ask you if that

        24         changes your opinion?

        25                A.    No.

        26                Q.    Okay.

        27                      Show you an enlargement of the bottom

        28         half of 2297 --
 
                                                                            53
         1                MR. GELBLUM:  Which we'll mark as 2298.

         2

         3                             (The instrument herein described

         4                             as enlargement of bottom half of

         5                             Exhibit 2297 was marked for

         6                             identification as Plaintiffs'

         7                             Exhibit No. 2298.)

         8

         9                Q.    I ask you if 2298 changes your opinion?

        10                A.    No, it doesn't.

        11                Q.    Show you another photograph of

        12         Mr. Simpson with another one of the gentlemen who were

        13         in 2295, this gentleman is wearing a blue shirt, blue

        14         pants and a dark blue jacket and brown shoes.

        15                MR. GELBLUM:  We'll mark that next in order.

        16                THE CLERK:  2299.

        17                MR. GELBLUM:  2299.

        18

        19                             (The instrument herein described

        20                             as a photograph of Mr. Simpson

        21                             with a gentleman wearing a blue

        22                             shirt, blue pants and a dark blue

        23                             jacket and brown shoes was marked

        24                             for identification as Plaintiffs'

        25                             Exhibit No. 2299.)

        26

        27                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  And I ask you if that

        28         changes your opinion?
 
                                                                            54
         1                A.    It does not.

         2                Q.    And I'll show you an enlargement of the

         3         bottom half of 2299.

         4                MR. GELBLUM:  Which will be 2300.

         5

         6                             (The instrument herein described

         7                             as an enlargement of bottom half

         8                             of Exhibit 2299 was marked for

         9                             identification as Plaintiffs'

        10                             Exhibit No. 2300.)

        11

        12                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  And I ask you if that

        13         changes your opinion, your opinion being that somebody

        14         went in and added Bruno Magli shoes to Mr. Scull's

        15         photograph?

        16                A.    Does not change my opinion at all.

        17                Q.    Show you another photograph of another

        18         gentlemen who's in the overall picture.

        19                MR. GELBLUM:  We'll mark this as 2301.  This

        20         gentleman has his jacket buttoned, he's wearing tan

        21         slacks and a brown plaid jacket.

        22

        23                             (The instrument herein described

        24                             as a photograph of Mr. Simpson

        25                             with a gentleman wearing a brown

        26                             plaid jacket and tan slacks was

        27                             marked for identification as

        28                             Plaintiffs' Exhibit No. 2301.)
 
                                                                            55
         1                Q.    I ask you if 2301 changes your opinion?

         2                A.    Does not.

         3                Q.    And I'll show you an enlargement of the

         4         bottom half of 2301.

         5                MR. GELBLUM:  We'll mark that 2302.

         6

         7                             (The instrument herein described

         8                             as an enlargement of bottom half

         9                             of Exhibit 2301 was marked for

        10                             identification as Plaintiffs'

        11                             Exhibit No. 2302.)

        12

        13                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  And I ask you if that

        14         changes your opinion?

        15                A.    Does not.

        16                Q.    Finally, sir, I'll show you two contact

        17         sheets.

        18                MR. GELBLUM:  We'll mark the first one as 2303,

        19         the contact sheet on which these enlargements appear,

        20         and on this contact sheet, 2303, there are a total of

        21         27 images of Mr. Simpson with these various gentlemen,

        22         all of which show Mr. Simpson's feet and shoes.

        23

        24                             (The instrument herein described

        25                             as a contact sheet containing 27

        26                             images of Mr. Simpson was marked

        27                             for identification as Plaintiffs'

        28                             Exhibit No. 2303.)
 
                                                                            56
         1

         2                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  And I ask you if that

         3         changes your opinion?

         4                A.    Nope.

         5                MR. GELBLUM:  And finally, it's -- 2304,

         6         another contact sheet, in the same game as the first

         7         three photographs, making a total of 30 photographs of

         8         Mr. Simpson with shoes on.

         9

        10                             (The instrument herein described

        11                             as a contact sheet containing 30

        12                             photographs of Mr. Simpson was

        13                             marked for identification as

        14                             Plaintiffs' Exhibit No. 2304.)

        15

        16                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  And I ask you if that

        17         changes your opinion?

        18                A.    Does not.

        19                Q.    Okay.

        20                MR. GELBLUM:  May I pass these to the jury,

        21         Your Honor?

        22                THE COURT:  You may.

        23                MR. LEONARD:  Same objection.

        24                THE COURT:  Overruled.

        25                MR. GELBLUM:  I'm going to put the contact

        26         sheets on top because they're smaller.

        27

        28                            (Jurors review exhibits.)
 
                                                                            57
         1

         2                MR. LEONARD:  Your Honor, these photographs

         3         haven't been admitted into evidence.

         4                THE COURT:  I'll let the jury review them --

         5                MR. GELBLUM:  We'll tie them up.

         6                THE COURT:  -- On the representation and

         7         declaration filed by plaintiff.

         8                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  Now, Mr. Groden, you

         9         noticed, I assume, that in these photographs

        10         Mr. Simpson has a handkerchief in his pocket?

        11                A.    That's correct.

        12                Q.    He doesn't have one in the photograph of

        13         him wearing the shoes that Mr. Scull took?

        14                A.    That's correct.

        15                Q.    You know he does have the handkerchief in

        16         the videotape?

        17                A.    I don't recall the videotape.

        18                Q.    Did you see any sign of moisture on any

        19         of these photographs I just showed you?

        20                A.    Yes.

        21                Q.    You did.

        22                      Where was that, sir?

        23                A.    The --

        24                Q.    Which one would you like?

        25                A.    I'm not sure which one it was.

        26                      This one.  2302.

        27

        28
 
                                                                            58
         1                             (Witness indicates to Exhibit

         2                             2302.)

         3

         4                Q.    You're pointing to darker spots on the

         5         leather?

         6                A.    Yes, which could well be moisture.  It's

         7         a possibility.

         8                Q.    You see any moisture on the field?

         9                A.    Nope.

        10                Q.    And you don't know what those dark spots

        11         are?

        12                A.    No.

        13                Q.    Could this be a difference in the brush

        14         of the leather, could be a number of things, right,

        15         sir?

        16                A.    Could be any number of things.

        17                      On 2300 it shows it as well.

        18                Q.    It being the darker spots on the shoes?

        19                A.    Yes.

        20                Q.    Okay.

        21                      Now, you knew about these photos before

        22         you took the stand today, right?

        23                A.    I heard about them, yes.

        24                Q.    And you discussed them with Mr. Leonard

        25         before you took the stand, didn't you?

        26                A.    That's correct.

        27                Q.    Okay.

        28                      You discussed what you're going to say
 
                                                                            59
         1         about them?

         2                A.    No.

         3                Q.    You discussed the pictures?

         4                A.    Yes.

         5                Q.    Now, your bottom line opinion, sir, on

         6         the photograph of Mr. Scull -- by Mr. Scull showing

         7         Mr. Simpson wearing the Bruno Magli shoes, is that you

         8         think on balance it's probably not genuine, it's

         9         probably a fake, but you're not sure; isn't that

        10         correct?

        11                A.    No one could be 100 percent sure.

        12                Q.    Please answer my question.

        13                A.    On balance, yes.

        14                Q.    But you're not sure, correct?

        15                A.    No.

        16                Q.    Am I correct that you're not sure?

        17                A.    If you're asking yes or no, the answer is

        18         yes, I, to a massive degree of certainty, am sure that

        19         they are faked.

        20                MR. GELBLUM:  Would you put up the deposition,

        21         please.

        22                      This is page 14, lines 5 to 12.

        23                A.    Massive is the wrong word.  I would say

        24         overwhelming.

        25                Q.    (BY MR. GELBLUM)  Say whatever you want.

        26         Right now, sir, I'm going to look at your deposition.

        27                      (Reading:)

        28                              Q.     Your bottom line opinion
 
                                                                            60
         1                       here is that you observed what you

         2                       perceive are some problems with the

         3                       negative?

         4                              A.     Yes.

         5                              Q.     That leads you to think

         6                       that on balance it's probably not

         7                       genuine, it's probably a fake, But

         8                       you're not sure.  Is that fair?

         9                              A.     I'd say that that's

        10                       accurate, yeah.

        11                      Now, particularly after seeing these new

        12         photographs of Mr. Simpson wearing the same shoes,

        13         isn't it particularly clear that you're not sure about

        14         these, about Mr. Scull's photos?

        15                A.    It doesn't change my opinion, no.

        16                Q.    Okay.

        17                MR. GELBLUM:  No further questions, Your Honor.

        18                THE COURT:  Ten-minute recess, ladies and

        19         gentlemen.  Don't talk about the case, don't form or

        20         express an opinion.

        21                            (Recess.)

        22

        23                             (Jurors resume their respective

        24                             seats.)

        25

        26                          REDIRECT EXAMINATION

        27         BY MR. LEONARD:

        28                Q.    Good morning, Mr. Groden?
 
                                                                            61
         1                A.    Good morning.

         2                Q.    Before we get into some of the substance

         3         here I want to go through, based on some of

         4         Mr. Gelblum's questions in cross-examination, some of

         5         your background again.

         6                      Mr. Gelblum asked you on

         7         cross-examination about your experience in the

         8         military and particularly the reason for and the basis

         9         for your leaving the military.

        10                      Do you remember that?

        11                A.    Yes.

        12                Q.    Can you tell the jury -- can you explain

        13         to the jury why you left the military?

        14                A.    A sergeant in my company was drunk and

        15         beat me up and to keep it under the rug, they gave me

        16         a discharge because of an existing sinus problem that

        17         I had that they weren't able to deal with.  That was

        18         the excuse, but the real reason was, in fact, I had

        19         been beaten up by the sergeant.

        20                Q.    Why did this sergeant beat you up, sir?

        21                MR. GELBLUM:  Objection, speculation,

        22         relevance.

        23                MR. LEONARD:  Your Honor --

        24                THE COURT:  Overruled.  You opened it.

        25                A.    The sergeant was anti-Semitic and I'm

        26         Jewish.

        27                Q.    (BY MR. LEONARD)  Now, do you think that

        28         the fact that you were beaten up -- by the way, how
 
                                                                            62
         1         old were you, sir?

         2                A.    18.

         3                Q.    Do you think the fact that you were

         4         beaten up when you were 18 years old by an

         5         anti-Semitic sergeant has anything to do with your

         6         ability to observe the phenomena that you observed and

         7         also to explain them to the jury?

         8                A.    No, not at all.

         9                Q.    Mr. Gelblum asked you about strokes that

        10         you had had.

        11                      How did you happen to have strokes, can

        12         you explain that to the jury?

        13                A.    About two years ago I was walking in a

        14         parking lot and slipped on a patch of ice and hit my

        15         head, which precipitated a series of strokes.

        16                Q.    And from time to time have you some

        17         memory problems as a result of that; is that right?

        18                A.    That's correct.

        19                Q.    Do you think that has affected your

        20         ability whatsoever to analyze the photograph and to

        21         explain your analysis to the jury?

        22                A.    Not at all.

        23                Q.    Now, Mr. Gelblum got into some extent

        24         your experience with the House Assassination

        25         Committee.

        26                      Do you remember that?

        27                A.    Yes.

        28                Q.    I asked you in some detail what your role
 
                                                                            63
         1         was, correct, do you remember that?

         2                A.    Yes.

         3                Q.    And in particular he was asking you if

         4         you had done any actual analysis of photographs on

         5         behalf of, or in conjunction with your work with the

         6         Kennedys, do you remember those questions?

         7                A.    Yes.

         8                Q.    Now, in fact, did you do a photo

         9         analysis?

        10                A.    Yes.

        11                Q.    At some point, there was a panel of

        12         photographic experts, correct?

        13                A.    Yes.

        14                Q.    Okay.

        15                      And you were working in conjunction --

        16         you weren't a member of the panel, you were working in

        17         conjunction with the panel; is that correct?

        18                A.    That's correct.

        19                Q.    And was there -- did there come a time

        20         when a proficiency test was undertaken of the panel

        21         and that you participated in that?

        22                      In other words, a test to determine the

        23         proficiency of the experts and also yourself in

        24         analyzing and determining whether the photographs are

        25         fake or real?

        26                A.    Yes.

        27                Q.    Okay.

        28                      Describe just in very general terms that
 
                                                                            64
         1         proficiency test that was done?

         2                A.    A few members of the photo panel were

         3         assigned to create four sets of photographs, genuine

         4         photographs that look genuine, genuine photographs

         5         that appear to be fake, fake photographs that appear

         6         genuine, and fake photographs that were obviously

         7         fake.  And the set of all four of those were placed as

         8         a package, they were numbered and packaged, and a

         9         written test was given to the entire photo panel and

        10         myself to determine the ability to detect phonies and

        11         to detect fake phonies, in fact.

        12                Q.    How did you do on that test?

        13                A.    I got 100 percent.

        14                Q.    Did anyone else get 100 percent?

        15                A.    No, none of them did.

        16                Q.    Mr. Gelblum asked you if you had dropped

        17         out of high school.

        18                      Did you drop out of high school, sir?

        19                A.    Yes.

        20                Q.    Why was that?

        21                A.    We didn't have very much money and my

        22         going to school and remaining there was a strain on my

        23         mother.  My mother and father had just separated and

        24         it was my sister, myself and my mother, and it was a

        25         real financial drain on her.

        26                Q.    When you dropped out of high school is

        27         that when you went into the military?

        28                A.    That's correct.
 
                                                                            65
         1                Q.    By the way, you have a high school

         2         degree, don't you?

         3                A.    Yes.

         4                Q.    How did you get that?

         5                A.    When I was in the army I took the general

         6         equivalency diploma, GED test and passed it with

         7         flying colors, and also got a year's college credit

         8         the same way.

         9                Q.    Does the fact that you had to drop out of

        10         high school, you think that affects your ability to do

        11         the analysis you did here and to explain your results

        12         to the jury; you think that affects it at all, sir?

        13                A.    No.

        14                Q.    Mr. Gelblum asked you about a situation

        15         where you had contributed to a story to the Globe

        16         newspaper.

        17                      Do you remember that?

        18                A.    Yes.

        19                Q.    Now, Mr. Gelblum, in his questioning, was

        20         trying to suggest that you were --

        21                MR. GELBLUM:  Objection, Your Honor.

        22                THE COURT:  Sustained.

        23                Q.    (BY MR. LEONARD)  Explain to the jury,

        24         No. 1, what that -- what the story was, in general

        25         terms, and whether or not it was your purpose to sell

        26         photographs as opposed to the story itself, sir?

        27                A.    When I was a staff photographic

        28         consultant to the House Assassinations Committee I had
 
                                                                            66
         1         made the discovery that the autopsy photographs of

         2         President Kennedy, at least some of them, were

         3         questionable as to their authenticity based on

         4         physical anomalies within the photograph itself, and

         5         my knowledge of the statements of Dallas doctors who

         6         had worked on President Kennedy in the lifesaving

         7         efforts on November 22nd of '63, and also of medical

         8         personnel who had worked on the -- on the president

         9         after that time and in Bethesda Naval Hospital.  The

        10         photographs did not show what was described by every

        11         one of the doctors.

        12                      I had gone to the Chief Counsel of the

        13         House Committee which was Professor Blakey and

        14         suggested, very strongly, perhaps it would be a good

        15         idea to show those questionable photographs to the

        16         Dallas doctors to determine their authenticity.  For

        17         two solid years Professor Blakey refused to do it.

        18                      When the committee broke up and didn't

        19         exist anymore I was very disturbed by the fact that

        20         this had not been resolved, so I took copies of

        21         autopsy photographs and went to the Dallas doctors and

        22         other witnesses who dealt with the body, including

        23         Dealey Plaza witnesses, and I showed them the

        24         photographs, and every single one of them without

        25         exception said that the photographs were indeed fake,

        26         and I then knew that I was correct.

        27                      And I felt that the public needed to know

        28         this, I thought it was a major issue, and an issue of
 
                                                                            67
         1         the Kennedy assassination.

         2                Q.    Now, was -- was the Globe, the Globe

         3         newspaper your first choice of a medium to get this

         4         out to the public, sir?

         5                A.    No.

         6                Q.    Did you -- had you attempted to go to

         7         other publications to try to get this story out to

         8         people?

         9                A.    Yes.

        10                Q.    Were your efforts unsuccessful?

        11                A.    They were unsuccessful, yes.

        12                Q.    Did you prepare a documentary on this

        13         issue of the autopsy photographs?

        14                A.    Yes, a videotape documentary.

        15                Q.    Now, Mr. Gelblum also asked you about the

        16         backyard photograph of Oswald; do you remember that?

        17                A.    Yes.

        18                Q.    Okay.

        19                      You did an analysis of that photograph?

        20                A.    Yes.

        21                Q.    And you came to the opinion that the

        22         photograph was fake; is that right?

        23                A.    That's correct.

        24                Q.    Now, there was -- there were some people

        25         in the committee that agreed and some that disagreed

        26         with regard to that; is that true, sir?

        27                A.    That is correct.

        28                Q.    Subsequent to your analysis -- by the
 
                                                                            68
         1         way, there are others who agreed with you in that

         2         respect; is that correct?

         3                A.    Yes, within the committee.

         4                      Also photographic experts for the Royal

         5         Canadian Mounted Police and Scotland Yard